ENAMEL STRUCTURE OF ARCTOID CARNIVORA: AMPHICYONIDAE, URSIDAE, PROCYONIDAE, AND MUSTELIDAE

Clara Stefen

doi:10.1644/1545-1542(2001)082<0450:ESOACA>2.0.CO;2

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Clara Stefen^1,*

¹Stettiner Strasse 6, 53757 St. Augustin, Germany

^** Correspondent: cmstefen@web.de

Abstract

Enamel of several fossil and recent arctoid carnivores was studied with light and scanning electron microscopy. As in other carnivorans, 3 types of Hunter–Schreger bands (HSB) were observed: undulating, acute-angled, and zigzag HSB, which differ in their 3-dimensional complexity. Data on arctoid carnivores were used to test the hypothesis that zigzag HSB evolved multiple times to resist cracking of the enamel under high tensile stress. Distribution of HSB, except presence of zigzag HSB in the herbivorous panda, Ailuropoda, supported the hypothesis.

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Clara Stefen "ENAMEL STRUCTURE OF ARCTOID CARNIVORA: AMPHICYONIDAE, URSIDAE, PROCYONIDAE, AND MUSTELIDAE," Journal of Mammalogy 82(2), 450-462, (1 May 2001). https://doi.org/10.1644/1545-1542(2001)082<0450:ESOACA>2.0.CO;2

Received: 13 September 1999; Accepted: 4 September 2000; Published: 1 May 2001

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Amphicyonidae

Carnivora

enamel microstructure

Mustelidae

parallel evolution

Procyonidae

Ursidae

zigzag Hunter–Schreger bands

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